I think that the file you are looking for may be obsolete. If you have no PB500.ini file then you probably don't have it set to automatically strip off the upload information.
That is what the 11 year old technote is about. Sure, it is a possibility, but I think you have already ruled it out. A way to tell for sure, is upload a panelview that you know to include download info and see if your PB32 app uploads it.
If an auto-disable feature exists on a more modern OS, you may find it in the registry.
Your best hope is to find an old off line copy of the application. Even if it is not current, it may be a good starting point to nail down features and tags.
Search your resources for a file with the same name as the one you uploaded, but with the .PBA extension.
EDIT: No, instead of that, do a Find Files *.pba on all accessible logical drives.
Otherwise, I am afraid you are still hosed.
You would think that there may be some decompiler that could take the functional program, and automatically rebuild a "database" to go with it, but I know of no such beast.
It would take someone with intimate knowledge of the PB32 file structure to do something like that.
After exhausting all resources to locate a backup, I would suggest that you try to test the program, monitoring the PLC code, and figure out the tag database as best that you can, and recreate it from scratch as a last resort.
Contacting the last known person to perform the download may be very worthwhile in your case.
Paul