I do not have any IACC experience, my system is at ver 7.1.3 unix and uses the "legacy" ICC (integrated control configurator). The FoxDoc CD has manuals giving detailed information about each block. The blocks you asked about would take many, many pages to explain. I can give you a brief on each one's purpose perhaps.
PATALM: pattern alarm, you define a pattern of discrete bits, and if the pattern is not satisfied, then you can act on this info, useful for checking all valves closed, all devices in auto etc...
ACCUM: accumalator, counts pulses from meters etc..., can also be used as a retentive timer for pump run time etc....
SWCH: switch block, can be used for switching between redundant devices, or inputs to any other block, I use it for the "master" signal on slave PID's that have multiple masters.
EXE, IND, DEP & MON blocks are all used for sequential functions. Sequence blocks are resource hogs, so only the MON (monitor) block should run all the time, when conditions warrant, the MON block will call the EXE block which controls hold, start, abort etc... of the DEP and IND blocks, the DEP isn't used very often. Each of these blocks have connections and the actual control sequence is coded via structured text called HLBL (Higher Level Batch Language). I find HLBL very similar to Pascal with a little C thrown in for flavor.
Since you are at ver. 8.0, then you may be using Sequential Function Charts, the sequence blocks are "built in" to the SFC's.
SIGSEL: signal select, this can be configured as either a high or low select, usually used when two PID's need to control the same PV.
MAIN; multiple analog inputs, most often used when receiving data from a PLC register or all the channels on one FBM (field bus module), the MAIN can read multiple registers at once.
MCIN; multiple same as MAIN but for Contact INputs (discrete).
PACKIN, packed booleans, you can pack a bunch of boolean signals into one long integer.
You really need to find the "block" book on the CD. Browse by title, and look for the Block description documents, there are three volumes, the blocks are in alphabetical order.