S5 would be similar to AB PLC2/30, PLC3, PLC5, i.e. old, obsolete.
S7-200 is a small PLC initially designed by Texas Instruments, programmed with S7-Microwin. This is now replaced with S7-1200 (with its own new programming package).
S7-300 and S7-400 are medium and large PLC's programmed with Step 7 Manager. (Professional is this will PLCSim and SCL added). Compare these to Control Logix PLC's.
Protool is the old HMI programming package, WinCC Flex has replaced that. Compare with RSView32.
WinCC is a SCADA package.
Oh... and compare the number of different licenses and external packages required with this, as opposed to AB. I think you'll find that Siemens becomes a much better option.