I googled the Rosemont model you posted. There is a 115 VAC model as well as a 24VDC model.
In your picture, the module immediately to the right of the CPU module is the best place to wire the signal from the Rosemont. It appears from the picture that there is nothing connected to terminals 3, 5, 7 or 9 of that module. Connect TB7, terminal 3 on the Rosemont to terminal 3 of the PLC module. Connect TB7, terminal 4 on the Rosemont to terminal 19 of the PLC module. As long as you connect the 4 - 20 mA signal from the Rosemont to that module you won't need a resistor. You would only need a resistor if you were to connect a 4 - 20 mA signal to the voltage input module locate one slot further to the right.
If you are going to use the same 24 VDC power supply that is connected to terminal 1 of the PLC module to power the 24VDC Rosemont unit, make sure it can handle the additional 250 mA load you are adding. The Rosemont specifications for the DC powered unit say it requires 6 watts of 24 VDC power. If you use that power supply then you will need to connect the DC+ (which is already connected to the PLC module's terminal 1) to Rosemont TB1, terminal 1 and the DC- (which is already connected to the PLC's terminal 19) to Rosemont TB1, terminal 2.
My suggestion to you is to first connect power to the Rosemont and use a milliamp meter to make sure you have an output signal from it before making the final connections to the PLC. You may have to set some configuration parameters in the Rosemont unit. It appears it can be set up for either pH or conductivity as well as for 4 - 20 mA or 0 - 20 mA range. That's from a quick scan of the specs. I did not read the manual in detail. I strongly suggest that you do so before hooking it up.
If you connectthe Rosemont to the IC