I will try to explain this in text:
An isolator will sit in the middle so to say.
To one side of the isolator will be the transmitter.
It is possible that the isolator can provide 24VDC power for the transmitter, but in most cases you need to supply 24VDC from a common 24VDC source. The signal then enters the isolator.
On the other side of the isolator will be the analog input.
If you want full isolation, then there must be two connections (+) and (-) from the isolator to the analog input, and the analog input must be "differential".
If on the other hand you can accept that the system shares a common ground, then you can connect the (+) line to the analog input, and the analog input must be "single-ended". The analog input and the isolator must then have the same ground potential.
The latter option is not true isolation, but it will still protect the analog input against strange voltages or wrong connection of the transmitter.