You’re going to find it much more difficult to move the analog data from point A to point B via a cell network without using PLC’s than you will with using PLC’s. All cell networks are pure digital (even the voice side of things) so no matter how you slice it you’re going to have to convert the analog signal into a digital one. Then you will have to find a medium to carry the digital signal across the cell network and the cell networks are setup to carry voice (digitized) and Ethernet. If you use PLC’s you can setup a VPN connection using the cloud and use the PLC’s Ethernet protocol to move the data. That is a pretty straight forward process these days and there is plenty of technology to support it.
You could setup the VPN (using the cloud) and use a 4 to 20mA Ethernet bridge (I don’t know if such a device exists) but the advantage of using a PLC is the communications protocol will deal with data re-transmissions, delays, ect…