Pauly
Can you post a link to the encoder manual, or post the encoder part number so I can look for a manual, I assumed that you are using a multi-turn absolute encoder, if the motor only turns in one direction and never reverses then, surely, you only need an incremental encoder for your application. You stated you are using a programmable encoder, maybe it's programmable as a single turn.
Anyway, the 37 pin connector is as follows:-
Pin13 and 31 - +ve
Pin20 and 1 - -ve
Then the inputs are as follows, starting with the LSB:-
pin2
pin21
pin3
pin22
pin4
pin23
pin5
pin24
pin6
pin25
pin7
pin26
pin8
pin27
pin9
pin28
pin14
pin33
pin15
pin34
pin16
pin35
pin17
pin36
That should be 24 pins (24 bit)
The above is the minimum required to read the data from the encoder.
Paul