I don't know how the ASCII keyboard looks and works on a 550, but if you use an ASCII entry object, it is just a way for the operator to use all the characters in the alphabet to enter text (like a password), including numbers and symbols. There should be some sort of pop-up keypad or possible way to use the arrow keys on non-touchscreen units to select characters to enter in the field, but I have only used these objects with larger panelviews.
This object can be masked with a simple checkbox at design time.
The Panelview then moves that data through the PV tag into a string file address in the PLC, for example, ST25:0
This string file type in the SLC, can contain up to 256 (ST25:0 through ST25:255)character arrays which can each be up to 82 characters long.
So in the PLC instaed of using EQU to check for a matching number (password entry), you use the ASR instruction in the SLC (String Compare).
The Panelview tag will need to be formatted as ST25:0.1 (since the first two bytes of the String element are its length) and the type as Character Array, with the Array Size set to the number of characters.
There is a little more to this than comparing simple integers but not much really.