Privately I lean the alternatives. Some set of instructions, they possess functions for multiplexation, of codification and similiar
Possibilities you validate for Inputs or outputs.
Multiplex: Binary combinations of entrances (select), directs a signal of an inputs for outputs.(16 I have 1 line -Chip 74150)
Demultiplex: Binary combinations of entrances, selects them left it activate. (4 to 16 line Chip 74154)
Matrix of diodes: Lives simple, equals Multiplex.
They can be gotten on boards eletronics, with chips above it maintenance stayed facilitated, always supplies additional boards, of quick change It finds the quick problem, therefore OFF 16 points, and no sometime one or other. Exists modules industrial MUX DEMUX analogic, but digital do not I know.
Already I worked in a company that he mounted, an extra panel only with expansion (60 machines X 5 buttons) 300 Inputs.Buttons, this for initiate, finalize the cycles from the machines.That maintained with projects "bigs" did not I remain, therefore is opponent to my philosophy of automation.