Thanks to all, I got it solved, and because of you guys
.
It turns out that there HAS to be a cable attached to the port in order to ping.
My setup is a new PC (not my regular PC), connected to a S7 315-2PN via the ethernet port.
It seems that I got confused because I have used a
straight cable between my regular PC and the PLC where it worked. Connecting the same with the other PC didnt work. When I switched to a
crossed cable, then it worked again.
Also, I have been pinging "myself" before with and without a cable attached, so I figured that it didnt matter (wrong).
It looks like the "troublesome" NIC cannot ping without a cable attached, and it cannot switch between straight/crossed.
It is an intel i82547EI.
Thanks again all
edit:
Maybe the reason is that I have XP SP2 on the "difficult" PC, whereas I have XP SP1a on my regular PC.
But I did turn off the firewall just to try something.