Here is what's probably going on.
As GaryS said, VFDs do NOT care about phase to ground or phase to neutral voltages, from an OPERATING standpoint. But where it DOES matter is in the protection scheme on the input, AND on the Common Mode Noise protection scheme. On the input side, there is usually a set of MOVs that are providing surge protection for the bridge rectifier. Those are almost always configured in a Wye with a reference to ground. Being connected to any Delta system, whether it is high leg or not, is potentially detrimental to those MOVs because if there is a ground fault ANYWHERE on the line side, the MOVs attempt, briefly, to be the ground reference point for the entire system, generally resulting in catastrophic failure and if they fail, the drive fails shortly thereafter. In 240V 4 wire Delta systems however, that would only apply to a GF on the High leg, so the risk is a little lower.
The issue that kamgenes mentions is not exactly as stated, but there often IS a ground reference on the DC bus THROUGH Common Mode Noise capacitors, that safely allow CM noise to connect to ground and avoid bleeding into everything else. For Delta power systems you should remove that ground reference to avoid having issues with potentially damaging the caps. Higher-end drives like Rockwell, ABB, Siemens etc. provide ways to do this (some easier than others). But may low-cost drives, especially those from Asia, do not have a way to do this, because the manufacturers don't acknowledge that Delta power systems exist (Delta is a North American thing). Some are explicit in telling you this, maybe by saying something like "This drive is suitable for connection to a TT or TN system", which means nothing to us in North America, but means it MUST be a Wye power system that is solidly referenced to ground. Others make no mention of it one way or another. So when you connect them to ANY delta system, you can have troubles like this, or worse.
Since you already own this drive, your only viable solution is to install what's called a "Drive Isolation Transformer" ahead of it; 240 in, 240/138 Wye output, and you ground the Wye point (X0 terminal). These are readily available from most of the transformer mfrs.