If you are interested in this field then I can offer several options to help you get started:
http://www.plcs.net/contents.shtml
http://www.patchn.com/plcbook.htm
Tutorials on a variety of subjects, electrical, plc..
http://www.sea.siemens.com/step/default.html
Lessons on Electronics and info on devices.
http://www.patchn.com/electron.htm
http://www.freestudy.co.uk
http://people.msoe.edu/~wrate/ee100/programmable_logic_controllers_files/frame.htm
http://www.thelearningpit.com
Let me know if you can use more. If you decide to get a PLC and software to experiment with Allen Bradley offers a Micrologix for approximately $99 with the software available for download.
http://www.ab.com/plclogic/micrologix/1000/
Also checkout
http://www.entertron.com Free software and low cost micro plcs.
http://www.automationdirect.com also offers low cost options.
BTW on question #5
Binary kilo is 2 to the 10th power
In computer literature, kilobyte is usually abbreviated as
K or
Kb. To distinguish between a decimal K (1,000) and a binary K (1,024), the IEEE has suggested following the convention of using a small
k for a decimal kilo and a capital
K for a binary kilo, but this convention is by no means strictly followed.
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/k/kilobyte.html
In programming, the natural data size of a computer. The size of a word varies from one computer to another, depending on the
CPU. For computers with a 16-bit CPU, a word is 16 bits (2 bytes). On large mainframes, a word can be as long as 64 bits (8 bytes).
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/w/word2.html
Using that information and assuming from the other questions that the CPU is 8-bit then a word would be 8 bits...ie 1 byte. If using the capital K to mean binary then 1K would equal 1024 bytes therefore 1024 words for an 8-bit CPU.
The ambiguity continues.