Not at this moment in history.
Probably not ever.
To do it, someone would first need to reverse-engineer the commands and microcode that RSLogix sends to the processor to create and manipulate the program.
Then they would need to create a program to generate those codes.
Then, they need to get a Linux-based driver (that does exist - Ron Gage's ABEL.ZIP, but that's only for ethernet (which will get you the SLC 5/05). AB has published the DF1 protocol (at least for data read/writes. It may be different for programming instructions.) So a Linux version also may exist (but that will only get you some SLC 5/03 and 5/04. You still lack a communication method for SLC 500, 5/01, 5/02 and the rest of the 5/03s ).
And after all that work (which will be done without thought of compensation, since the source will be published), they'll have to fight off Rockwell's lawyers who will claim copywrite infringement.
Whether Rockwell wins or not, there will be an out-of-pocket cost in fighting the suit.
And for what? There's no profit in it, so no company will be interested. By the time you're done, Rockwell will probably come out with a new version (5/06? Series E? OS-antilinux?) that you'd have to reverse engineer.
Those few who might do it just as an exercise are probably working on inventing something new (the Linux PLC) instead of hacking something old.
If there's a market, I'm sure Rockwell will develop a Linux version or RSLinx. But even then it probably won't be open source (or free). If for no other reason to protect the PLC from unlawful entry by the disgruntled. (I'm not saying that it's all that protected now, only that the entrance fee is prohibitive)