With the PLC5, you are allowed to download logic without overwriting data table RAM. I don't believe that this option is available for SLC processors, but there is still a solution.
Simply open two instances of RSLogix500. With one instance, go online with the current version of the program. With the other instance, open your new, offline version of the program.
Now, select the logic that has been changed in the offline version, copy it and paste it into the online program. Then delete the old logic that the new logic replaces. Now, accept the changes and test and assemble.
I do this on a regular basis when I have to make a significant change in a program for a process that cannot be halted. Search and replace capability is not available in online mode, and editing is much quicker and easier when offline than when online.