I can see that maybe there is a possibility with a SPEED7 in stead of a Siemens S7.
But I still doubt it. With propagation delay of 6 µs for the input, plus unknow propagation delay for the output, plus CPU housekeeping time, plus program scan time, it will soon be more than 20-30 µs.
I would divide high speed tasks into two sections:
predictable and unpredictable.
For this task, it should be possible to determine e.g. 5ms in advance, when to switch on the Outputs for 1-30µs.
With VIPA SLIO ETS modules it is possible to control decentral I/O in steps of 1µs over Profibus, Profinet, CAN, Ethercat, Modbus/TCP, Devicenet.
Example: Activating the Laser for 11µs or 25µs is no Problem with this System.
Setting Multiple Laser Impulses: 10µs on, 20µs break, 5µs on: No Problem
If the Laser is fast enough ;-)
http://www.vipa.de/en/news/news-details/article/vipa-slioR-ios-exactly-to-the-us-via-field-bus/